When a save game is loaded, all weapon racks and displays in a ship's armory become permanently unusable. This also applies to exiting the game and continuing to play at a later time. It also doesn't matter where you reload (i.e. inside the ship or elsewhere).
You can still grab items from the racks or display stands (if there are any mounted at all), but all attempts to attach new ones fail with an error message. The only remedy is to go into ship building mode and either move the armory module around or otherwise modify the ship substantially enough to force the game to reset the modules (this usually happens when the game throws all loose items into the cargo hold).