While I was scanning wildlife on Feynman III, a quest update message popped up, telling me that I should turn in the data to a scientist XYZ (which I had never met before). When I checked the quest log, an entry for a creature analysis quest had appeared, with an open objective to turn in the data (as already specified in the message displayed earlier). The quest marker that appeared after marking this quest as active quest pointed to a science outpost that I had not even discovered yet.
I suspect that this quest is set up to start checking for completion of its main ohjective too early. It shouldn't do that until the player has actually spoken to the quest giver and accepted to do the quest.